Inside storm window for casement windows



Feb. 22, 1955 J. M. HOLDEN 2,702,414

INSIDE STORM wINDow FOR CASEMENT wINnows Filed Oct. 5, 1953 2Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 22, 1955 J. M. HOLDEN msnm STORM WINDOW FOR cAsEMENTwINDows 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed oct. 5, 1955 United States Patent GINSIDE STORM WINDOW FOR CASEMENT WINDOWS James Minsllall Holden, Media,Pa.

Application October 5, 1953, Serial No. 384,042

4 Claims. (Cl. 20-55) This invention relates to an inner window for usein a window opening having an outer or primary window of the casementtype and has for an object the combination of sliding and hinged windowsections in such a manner that the inner window provides complete stormand insect protection at the same time permittlng ready access to thenormal operating and locking devices of the casement window withoutaltering such devices, thereby retaining all the eiciency and protectionoriginally provided in the casement window.

The provision of a satisfactory storm or screen wmdow for primarywindows of the casement type has long been a problem. Since theconventional Casement windows include one or more pivoted sections thatare adapted to be swung outwardly as by a hand-crank, it is necessary toplace the storm window or screen for the casement Window on the insideof the casement window to avoid interference with the swinging section.Since there is only a limited space on the frame surrounding the windowopening to place the inner window, it is necessary that the inner windowbe installed as close as possible to the outer casement window. In doingthis, it has frequently been necessary to le off a portion of the lockon the casement window so that the lock could be operated in the limitedspace that was available. Such procedure decreased the effectiveness ofthe lock on the casement window, thus making it easier for the lock tobe forced open from the outside. In one form of prior art inner windowfor a casement window, it was necessary to remove the inner windowbefore the casement window could be closed or opened as the case mightbe. This was a distinct disadvantage and particularly so if the casementwindow were open and it started to rain as considerable water damagecould be done before it would be possible to remove the inner screenwindow and close the casement window. In another type of prior art innerwindow for a casement Window, the inner windows were so constructed asto permit the hand-crank of the casement window to extend through theinner window, thus eliminating the aforementioned disadvantage of havingto remove the inner window in order to open or close the outer orcasement window. However, in the latter construction, it was necessaryto remove the inner window whenever it was desired to llock the casementwindows. Many other types of inner windows for casement windows havebeen proposed. However, they have all been subject to variousdisadvantages of the type mentioned above.

It is a further object of this invention -to provide an inner windowincluding sliding and swinging sections having either storm or screensash that may be applied to an outer window of the casement type withoutrequiring any alteration in the original construction of the casementwindow and at the same time providing ready access to the locking andopening devices of the casement window.

More particularly in accordance with this invention, there is providedfor use in combination with a primary window of the casement type havingtwo sections at least one of which is pivoted, each or" the sectionsbeing of equal width, and means for latching the sections of the primarywindow, a storm window for the primary window comprising a slidingsection and a swinging section. The edges of the sliding and swingingsections of the storm window are provided with interlocking structure toform a weather-tight seal with the frame surrounding the storm window.The widths of the swinging and slid- 2,702,414 Patented Feb. 22, 1955rice ing sections of the storm window are unequal with the slidingsection having the smaller width, thus providing a weather-tightvertical joint between the sliding and swinging sections of the stormwindow at a location spaced from the vertical joint of the sections ofthe primary window to permit ready access to the latch on the primarywindow when the sections of the storm Window are moved to unlatchedposition and the swinging section of the storm window is open.

Further in accordance with the invention, there is provided for use in awindow opening having an outer window ot' the conventional casement typewith a latch and opening crank the combination of an inner Window forthe window opening including a sliding section and a swinging section.There is further provided a pair of vertical members, one secured toeach of the two vertical sides or' the window opening and a pair ofhorizontal members one secured to each of the upper and lower horizontalsides of the window opening. The swinging section is provided withhinging means for hinging it to one of the vertical members andinterlocking means is provided on each of the horizontal and verticalmembers for cooperating with interlocking means on the correspondingedges of the sliding and swinging sections. There is further providedinterlocking means on the vertical edge of the swinging section oppositethe hinging means and cooperating with interlocking means on thecorresponding vertical edge of the sliding section to form a verticaljoint. All of the interlocking means cooperate to form a weathertightlabyrinth seal between the sliding and swinging sections and Kthe membersecured to the sides of the window opening when the sections are inclosed position. The swinging section has a greater width than thesliding section to displace horizontally the vertical joint from thecenter of fthe window opening, thereby permitting ready access to thelatch on the outer window when the interlocking means on each of thesections forming the vertical joint are moved to spaced relation and theswinging section is moved `to open position to also provide ready accessto the opening crank on the outer window.

For a more detailed disclosure of the invention and for further objectsand advantages thereof, reference is to be had to the followingdescription taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings inwhich:

Fig. l is a front elevation view showing a window opening provided witha primary or outer window of a conventional casement type and an innerstorm window embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on enlarged scale of the storm windowtaken along lines 2*2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 2 but with the slidingsection of the storm window moved a short distance to the left;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 3 with the swingingsection of the inner window partially opened;

liig. 5 is a vertical section on enlarged scale of the swinging sectionof the inner window taken along the lines 5-5 in Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on enlarged scale of the sliding section ofthe inner window taken along the lines 6-6 in Fig. l;

Fig: 7 is an enlarged fractional View of the corner contructlion of theinner window shown within the circle in Fig. 8 is a sec-tional view of arail for the sliding section of the inner window;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the latching means for the inner window;and

Fig. l() is a fractional View in section of the inner window equippedwith screen material.

Referring to Fig. l, there is shown a window opening provided with acasement window 10 of the conventional type including two sections orpanels 11 and 12 of equal Width. Sections 11 is shown as a hingedsection and may be operated to open or closed position by means of acrank 13. While section 12 has been illustrated as a stationary section,it is to be understood that it may also be hinged in a manner similar tosection 11 so that both sections 11 and 12 may be opened by crank means.When sections 11 and 12 of the casement window are closed, there isformed a vertical ioint between the sections at substantially the centerof the window opening. It is customary to provide a latching lever 14for locking the sections of the easement window together to prevententry into the house from the outside. The easement window is generallyreferred to as the outside or primary window, and it will be seen inFig. 1 that there is provided for the primary window a storm window 16including a hinged or swinging section 17 and a sliding section 18. Inorder to mount the sliding and swinging sections 17 and 18 of the innerwindow 16 within the Window opening, there is provided a pair ofvertical members 20 and 21, one secured to each of the two verticalsides of the window opening. There is also provided a pair of horizontalmembers 22 and 23 secured to the upper and lower horizontal sides of thewindow opening. The foregoing members 20-23 form the four sides of theframe for the inner window 16 as hereinafter described.

As may be seen in Fig. l, the width of the swinging or pivoted section17 is greater than the width of the sliding section 18 and thus thevertical ioint formed by the two sections is displaced horizontally fromthe center of the window opening and thus displaced from the verticaljoint formed by the two equal width sections of the primary or easementwindow. The purpose of this construction will now be described. It willbe observed that each of the swinging and sliding sections 17 and 18 ofthe inner window is provided with interlocking structure 24 and 25respectively on their vertical edges that are adapted to cooperate andform the vertical joint. The interlocking structures 24 and 2S aresimilar and each is of substantially U-shaped configuration to provide asubstantially S-shaped labyrinth type of seal having a wedging andsealing action when the swinging and sliding.y sections 17 and 18 aremoved to closed and locked position. This labyrinth type of sealprovides a plurality of cooperating sealing surfaces, thus insuring aweather-tight vertical seal between the swinging and sliding sections 17and 18 and further serves as a locking means for the two sections.

To move the sections into locked engagement, there is provided alatching means or hook 26 (Figs. l, 2 and 9) having a cam surface 26ashaped to cooperate with a proiection or knob 27 carried by the slidingsection 18. The hook 26 is pivoted to the vertical frame member 21 by apin 15 so that when the cam surface 26a of hook 26 is pressed in adownward direction against the projection 27, the force will be such asto cause the sliding section 18 to slide toward the right. moving theinterlocking structure into weather-tight engagement with interlockingstructure 24 on the swinging section 17 and thus locking the twosections 17 and 18 of the inner window in closed position as shown inFig. 2.

To open the inner window, the latch 26 is first raised by rotating it ina clockwise direction and the sliding section 18 is moved to the left asmall distance. It is only necessary to move the sliding section 18 adistance sufiicient to disengage the interlocking structures 24 and 25on corresponding sections 17 and 18 as shown in Fig. 3. In actualpractice, this amount of movement is generally only a fraction of aninch. It will be noted in Fig. 3 that even after the sliding section 18has been moved to the left a distance sufficient to disengage theinterlocking structures 24 and 25, the section 18 still does not preventaccess to the handle or latching device 14 on the primary window 10.This results from the fact that the sliding section 18 of the innerwindow is of less Width than the swinging section 17, and thus in itsunlatched position as shown in Fig. 3, the sliding section 18 is stilldisposed to the right of the center of the Window opening. After thesliding section 18 has been moved to the position shown in Fig. 3, theswinging section 17 can readily be opened as shown in Fig. 4, thusproviding ready access to the locking device 14 on the primary window 10and also to the crank 13, Fig. 1, for opening or closing the pivotedsection of the primary or outer window.

As may be seen in Figs. 2 4, the vertical frame members 20 and 21 eachcomprise inner and outer channel members 20a, 20h, and 21a, 21b,respectively. The inner channel members 20a and 21a are each secured tothe sides of the window opening by any suitable means such as screws 28and then the outer channel members 20b and 2lb are ttedto the innerchannels 20a and 21a and secured in place as by screws 29. In thismanner each inner window 16 can be custom-fitted to the particularwindow opening providing for minor variations in size of differentwindow openings. Each of the outer channel sections 20h and 2lb isprovided with interlocking struc ture in the form of a tongue 30 and 31respectively for cooperating with interlocking structure in the form ofa groove 32 and 33 on the corresponding vertical edges of pivotedsection 17 and sliding section 18. Each of the sliding and swingingsections 17 and 18 is preferably made up of four frame members 17a-17dand 18a-18d. As may be seen in Figs. 14, the frame member 17d isprovided with a groove 32 and this member is hinged to the verticalframe 20 as by hinges 34. It will also be observed that the frame member18d is provided with the groove 33 mentioned above. When the swingingand sliding sections 17 and 18 are in closed position as shown in Fig.2, the tongues 30 and 31 are in interlocking relation with correspondinggrooves 32 and 33 to form a weather-tight seal along the outer verticaledges of the inner window. It will be noted that the channel sections20b and 2lb are also shaped to embrace the entire outer vertical edgesof the corresponding frame members 17d and 18d, thus providing labyrinthtype seals along the outer vertical edges of the inner window.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, it will be seen that the upper and lowerhorizontal members 22 and 23 each comprise inner and outer channelsections 22a, 22b and 23a, 23b, respectively. This construction issimilar to that of the vertical members 20 and 21 previuously describedwith the inner channel members 22a and 23a being secured to the upperand lower horizontal sides of the window opening as by screws 35, andthe outer channel members 22b and 23b in turn being secured to thecorresponding inner channels 22a and 23a as by screws 36. The upperchannel member 22b is provided with interlocking structure 37 forcooperating with interlocking structure 38 on the upper horizontal framemember 17a of swinging section 17. Similar interlocking structure 39 isprovided on the lower horizontal member 23b for cooperating withinterlocking structure 40 on the lower horizontal frame member 17e` ofswinging section 17. Each of the interlocking structures 37-40 is ofsubstantially U-shaped configuration to form labyrinth type seals at thetop and bottom of section 17. It will be observed in Fig. 4 thatinterlocking structure 39 does not extend completely across the windowopening but is of a width corresponding to that of section 17. Theinterlocking structure 37 is of similar construction.

As shown in Fig. 6, the interlocking structures 41 and 42 on thecorresponding channel sections 22b and,

23h also function as rails for the sliding section 18, the rails 41 and42 cooperating with the interlocking structures or grooves 43 and 44respectively provided on the upper and lower horizontal frame members18a and 18C. In Fig. 4 it will be observed that the lower rail 42 doesnot extend completely across the window opening but only a distancecorresponding to'the width of the sliding section 18. Thus, the slidingsection 18 may be moved to the left as shown in Fig. 4 and oi of rail 42as shown in phantom in Fig. 5, thereby permitting the sliding section 18to be removed from the window opening. The swinging or pivoted section17 may be removed from the window opening by removing it from its hinges34. By making the sections 17 and 18 readily removable, the storm sashcan be replaced with screen sash, and vice versa, as hereinafterdescribed.

The various frame members and channels making up the inner window arepreferably formed from aluminum or other suitable extruded metal stock,and Fig. 7 illustrates a typical corner of the inner window. The glasspanels or screen panels, as the case may be, are inserted in thealuminum frames and the frames are held together in the followingmanner. A plastic extrusion 45 having a U-shaped cross section is placedaround the edges of the panel of glass, as shown in Figs. 2-4, and thecorresponding frame members, such as 17a-17d and 18a-18d are placedtherearound. At each corner of sections 17 and 18, there is provided anL-shaped member 55, Fig. 7, preferably formed of a relatively softmetal, such as zinc or white metal. The L-shaped member extends intoeach of the adjacent horizontal and vertical frame members such as 18aand 18d in Fig. 7 and the member 18d is secured to member 55 as by ascrew 56. The frame member 18a may be secured to member 55 either by ascrew similar to screw 56 or by dimpling the frame member 18a atlocations 57 as by a punch, thus locking members 18a and 55 together.All of the corner joints in sections 17 and 18 are constructed insimilar manner and thus it is not necessary to describe the other jointsin detail.

In order-to decrease the friction created by moving the sliding panelalong rail 42, the latter may be constructed of a dissimilar materialfrom that of frame members 18a and 18e, such for example, as zinc,hardwood or plastic, or other suitable material that has thecharacteristic of having a low coeicient of friction. This constructionis illustrated in Fig. 8 where the outer channel member 23b has beenshown as being provided with a groove 58 for receiving a separate railmember 59. It is to be understood that if desired the upper horizontalchannel member 22b may likewise be provided with a separate sliding railsimilar to rail 59.

While the invention has been described primarily in connection with theprovision of a storm Window for a Casement window, the sections 17 and18 with the storm sash or glass panels may readily be removed andreplaced by similar sections having screen sash. Fig. l is exemplary ofthe manner in which screen sash 60 may be applied to a window framemember 181. This member 18j corresponds to the frame member 18a shown inFig. 6 in connection with a glass or solid transparent panel. Member 18fis provided with a groove 62 for receiving an end of the screen, thescreen end being locked in place by means of a deformable plastic ormetal member 63. The other frame members of window sections 17 and 18may be similarly constructed to receive screen panels.

It is to be understood the invention is not limited to the specificarrangements shown and that changes and modifications may be made withinthe scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. For use in a window opening having an outer window of theconventional easement type with a latch and opening crank, thecombination of an inner window for said window opening including asliding section and a swinging section, a pair of vertical members onesecured to each of the two vertical sides of the window opening, a pairof horizontal members one secured to each of the upper and lowerhorizontal sides of the window opening, means for hinging said swingingsection of the inner window to one of said vertical members,interlocking means on each of said horizontal and vertical memberscooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding edges of saidsliding and swinging sections, and interlocking means on the verticaledge of said swinging section opposite said hinging means andcooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding vertical edgeof said sliding section to form a Vertical joint, all of saidinterlocking means cooperating to form a Weather-tight labyrinth sealbetween said sliding and swinging sections and the members secured tothe sides of the window opening when said sections are in closedposition, said swinging section having a greater width than said slidingsection to displace horizontally said vertical joint from the center ofsaid Window opening thereby permitting ready access to the latch on theouter window when said interlocking means on each of said sectionsforming said Vertical joint are moved to spaced relation and saidswinging section is moved to open position to also provide ready accessto the opening crank on the outer window.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein each of salid slidingand swinging sections is provided with glass pane s.

3, The combinations set forth in claim 1 where each of said sliding andswinging sections is provided with screen panels.

4. The combination set forth in claim 1 including structure for movingand holding said sliding and swinging sections of said inner window inlocked and weathertight relation comprising movable means and stationarymeans, one of said means being carried by said sliding section and theother of said means being carried by said vertical member adjacent saidsliding section, said movable means including a hook member having a camsurface of predetermined shape for cooperating with said stationarymeans to move said sliding section tightly against said last-namedvertical member, whereupon said interlocking means on said verticaledges of said sliding section are held in weather-tight relation withthe corresponding interlocking means on said last-named vertical memberand on said swinging section to form said vertical joint.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,088,866 Patterson Aug. 3, 1937 2,379,727 Lewis July 3, 1945 2,638,189Watkins May 12, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 391,319 Great Britain Apr. 27, 1933OTHER REFERENCES Mechanical Engineers Handbook, Marks, 4th edition,1941. McGraw-Hill, New York, page 234.

